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China sometimes plays a leadership role in addressing global
challenges, but at other times it free rides or even spoils efforts
at cooperation. When will rising powers like China help to build
and maintain international regimes that sustain cooperation on
important issues, and when will they play less constructive roles?
This study argues that the strategic setting of a particular issue
area has a strong influence on whether and how a rising power will
contribute to global governance. Two strategic variables are
especially important: the balance of outside options the rising
power and established powers face, and whether contributions by the
rising power are viewed as indispensable to regime success. Case
studies of China's approach to security in Central Asia, nuclear
proliferation, global financial governance, and climate change
illustrate the logic of the theory, which has implications for
contemporary issues such as China's growing role in development
finance.
China sometimes plays a leadership role in addressing global
challenges, but at other times it free rides or even spoils efforts
at cooperation. When will rising powers like China help to build
and maintain international regimes that sustain cooperation on
important issues, and when will they play less constructive roles?
This study argues that the strategic setting of a particular issue
area has a strong influence on whether and how a rising power will
contribute to global governance. Two strategic variables are
especially important: the balance of outside options the rising
power and established powers face, and whether contributions by the
rising power are viewed as indispensable to regime success. Case
studies of China's approach to security in Central Asia, nuclear
proliferation, global financial governance, and climate change
illustrate the logic of the theory, which has implications for
contemporary issues such as China's growing role in development
finance.
When Chinese leaders announced in late 1978 that China would
"open to the outside world," they embarked on a strategy for
attracting private foreign capital to spur economic development. At
the same time, they were concerned about possible negative
repercussions of this policy. Margaret Pearson examines government
efforts to control the terms of foreign investment between 1979 and
1988 and, more broadly, the abilities of socialist states in
general to establish the terms of their own participation in the
world economy. Drawing on interviews with Chinese and foreigners
involved in joint ventures, Pearson focuses on the years from 1979
through 1988, but she also comments on the fate of the "open"
policy following the economic retrenchment and political upheavals
of the late 1980s. "Since the policy of opening' was launched in
Beijing in 1979 some Chinese leaders have favoured foreign
investment, while others have feared that it would carry ideas and
institutions that would corrupt Chinese socialism. This study of
Chinese policies toward foreign-invested enterprises (FIFs) during
the 1980s broadly charts significant changes in the impact of these
competing views on policy. . . . Pearson's overview and analysis
provide thought-provoking perspectives. . . . Pearson furnishes
excellent evidence that throughout the 1980s the pressure for
reform was so great that the conservatives had to retreat
repeatedly, despite their concerns about the decline of
collectivist values and the Maoist dream."--Stanley Lubman, The
China Quarterly
The transition from a planned to a market economy that began in
China in the late 1970s unleashed an extraordinary series of
changes, including increases in private enterprise, foreign
investment, the standard of living, and corruption. Another result
of economic reform has been the creation of a new class - China's
new business elite. Margaret M. Pearson considers the impact that
this new class is having on China's politics. She concludes that,
contrary to the assumptions of Westerners, these groups are not at
the forefront of the emergence of a civil society; rather, they are
part of a system shaped deliberately by the Chinese state to ensure
that economic development will not lead to democratization.
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